Health Food for Foodies

Chefs and doctors are teaming up to create healthy dishes you might actually crave

Chef and restaurateur David Bouley harnesses his French culinary background combined with the wisdom of naturopathy and medicine to create dishes infused with nutrient-rich plants grown at his restaurant Bouley Botanical.

THIS WEEKEND, David Eisenberg, a physician, will talk shop with some 450 colleagues, from ophthalmologists to endocrinologists. Instead of wearing a white coat in a medical lab at the Harvard School of Public Health, however, he'll don a white apron in a teaching kitchen at the Culinary Institute of America (CIA) in Napa Valley, Calif.

A Delicious Prescription F. Martin Ramin/The Wall Street Journal, Styling by Anne Cardenas

They're coming together for the 10th meeting of the Healthy Kitchens/Healthy Lives conference. It's a joint project of the CIA, Harvard School of Public Health and Samueli Institute, a non-profit dedicated to investigating healing practices. The conference brings doctors, registered dietitians and nutritionists, educators, sustainability experts and healthcare professionals together with chefs, such as Mollie Katzen and Michelin-starred Suvir Saran.

Dr. Eisenberg co-founded the program as "a place where nutrition scientists could teach medical providers what they need to know about which foods we should eat more of, or less of, and why," he said. "And, based on scientific evidence, chefs [translate] that into demonstrations on how to prepare healthy, delicious, affordable, easy-to-make dishes." For him, the continuity between food and medicine is obvious and practical. "It is not my view that the right question is 'How do we replace drugs with foods?' The premise of this conference is 'How do we help people move in the direction of a healthier lifestyle and diet, to prevent illness or manage illness that's already occurred?'"

Though connecting food and health has a long history, this collaboration between doctors and chefs represents a newer approach—studying and sharing how certain foods can prevent diseases or help manage them. In May, the Goldring Center for Culinary Medicine at Tulane University will debut the nation's first teaching kitchen affiliated with a medical school. Located in New Orleans, it will be a place for students, doctors, chefs and the local community to investigate the role food can play in managing obesity and related diseases.

Interactive: Culinary Rx

F. Martin Ramin/ The Wall Street Journal, Styling by Anne Cardenas

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The Goldring Center's Executive Director and Assistant Dean for Clinical Services, Timothy Harlan, is both a chef and a doctor, having owned restaurants before attending medical school. He said the program's goal is to school doctors-in-training in "some very simple techniques they can use to change the dialogue with their patients, change the way their patients think about food and nutrition." Classes integrate nutrition with biochemistry, physiology and anatomy. The program also encompasses a food-research branch and has licensed its curriculum to two other medical schools. Dr. Harlan added, "Make no mistake, I am an allopathic physician. I do not believe in anything other than evidence-based medicine. As an internist, I prescribe statins and beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors and aspirin. I believe in them and they have a role. Diet alone is very good. Medication alone is very good. But diet plus medication is synergistic. It's another tool in the box that physicians should have available to them."

Health-Food Recipes Even Foodies Can Love

Danny Kim for The Wall Street Journal

Seamus Mullen's Tosta Matrimonio & David Bouley's Almond Soup With Glazed Scallions

The Risk of High-Protein Diets

Culinary Rx

Click to view PDF

Both the Harvard/CIA partnership and the Goldring Center's programming rely heavily on the principles of the Mediterranean diet, which emphasizes fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, healthy fats, certain fish and a minimal quantity of good-quality meat and cultured dairy. The results of a recent study by the Harvard School of Public Health and Cambridge Health Alliance link the diet with lower risk of heart disease. A previous study, published by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, shows that the Mediterranean diet is linked with lower risk of obesity, diabetes and cancer.

The chefs involved are eager to demonstrate that eating for wellness needn't mean dull "health food." David Bouley, for one, grew up in a French family "where the pantry and medicine cabinet always seemed to overlap," he said. He recently opened Bouley Botanical, an event space and "living pantry" growing 400 plant species to provision Mr. Bouley's Manhattan restaurants.

Plants growing by the window at Bouley Botanical Danny Kim for The Wall Street Journal

A continuing interest in the healing properties of food had caused Mr. Bouley to seek the advice of nutritionists in the past. "All they ever told me was what not to put in food," Mr. Bouley said. "They never told me what I should cook." It wasn't until he began to collaborate with a medical doctor, Mark Hyman, that the chef found what he was looking for.

During last fall's New York City Wine & Food Festival, Dr. Hyman, author of "The Blood Sugar Solution" (Little, Brown), teamed up with Mr. Bouley for a dinner called "The Chef and the Doctor." Over the meal, the two discussed the healing properties of ingredients such as mushrooms (full of polysaccharides, said to battle tumors) and sardines (omega-3s, believed to protect against heart disease and stroke). Some dishes they collaborated on

• a creamy almond soup sharpened by glazed scallions; 
• wild mushrooms with white truffle, sweet garlic, grilled toro and 
• coconut foam—are now staples on the menu at Bouley restaurant.

“'All they ever told me was what not to put in food. They never told me what I should cook.'”

Another high-profile New York chef, Seamus Mullen, has been working in an idiom he calls "Hero Food," in a cookbook of the same name and at his acclaimed restaurant Tertulia. Mr. Mullen has seen for himself what diet can do: According to his doctor, Frank Lipman, he has reversed the effects of rheumatoid arthritis by eating the right foods. Mr. Mullen's pain was debilitating; he endured multiple hospitalizations. "I knew there was a direct correlation between food and my body's ability to deal with inflammation," he said. "But I wasn't sure how to put that into practice." It took months, but when Mr. Mullen woke up one morning last May without chronic pain, his life changed. He started cycling again (he was once semi-pro). Last October, he said, for the first time his blood-test results showed no sign of rheumatoid arthritis.

Mr. Mullen believes eliminating gluten was a major factor, in addition to sticking to "hero foods" like leafy greens, grass-fed meat and eggs. (For more on the benefits associated with these foods, see "Culinary Rx.") "The fundamental part of the equation is that it needs to be delicious, that the ingredients are well sourced," he said. "I take it one step further by increasing the good fats and cutting back on some of the carbohydrates and sugar." Take a recipe from Mr. Mullen's book, tosta matrimonio: grilled flatbread topped with tomatoes and anchovies, their briny tang tempered by fresh ricotta and a drizzle of saba, a naturally sweet grape-juice reduction. The dish packs a big dose of heart-disease-fighting omega-3s from the fish; cancer-battling folate and sulfur from garlic; and anti-inflammatory olive oil. Mr. Mullen hopes to collaborate further with Dr. Lipman on a restaurant concept.

GREEN SPACE | Planters at Bouley Botanical supply produce to chef David Bouley's Manhattan restaurants. Danny Kim for The Wall Street Journal

Beyond the rise in, and growing concern about, rates of heart disease, obesity and diabetes, the conversation around the Affordable Care Act is shaping thinking about food as prevention. "It's pretty clear that if we can reduce the burden of disease, we can reduce the burden of the cost of disease," said Dr. Harlan of the Goldring Center. "Farm before pharm" is the mantra of a number of programs designed to provide assistance to children at risk of developing diet-related diseases. In this vein, Wholesome Wave, a non-profit whose mission is to make locally grown produce available to people at all income levels, launched its Fruit and Vegetable Prescription Program (FVRx) in 2010.

Now available in six states, FVRx prescriptions are dispensed by primary care providers and redeemed at farmers' markets. According to a 2012 study by the program's healthcare partners, 37.8% of participants decreased their BMI (body mass index, a weight-to-height calculation used to predict health problems) over one year. Wholesome Wave President and CEO Michel Nischan—a chef, restaurateur and cookbook author—points to affordable local food access as a platform for policy change. "If large employers could see an investment in providing minimum-wage employees a connection with a company doctor and an opportunity to increase fruit and vegetable consumption, their premiums are going to go down pretty significantly on the back end," he said.

It is the goal of Mr. Nischan and other chefs collaborating with doctors and farmers to advocate for the role that nutrition can play in overall wellness by gathering and offering up data that supports their claims. Encouraging people to eat more of these foods—by showing how delicious they can be—is the first step.

ORIGINAL: Wall Street Journal

By KATHLEEN SQUIRES
March 14, 2014

This Is What New York Would Look Like If The Whole City Was A Giant Urban Farm

The Big Apple would be a lot greener if it needed to grow its own food.

For the past six years, the urban research nonprofit Terreform has carefully considered exactly what New York City would look like if everything New Yorkers ate was grown inside city limits.

“At some level, it’s absurd,” says Michael Sorkin, who leads Terreform.

“We discovered that with intense use of vertical agriculture and a change in diet, we could in fact physically provide the facilities to grow 2500 decent calories for every resident in New York."

"But the energy estimates were so enormous we estimated that 25 nuclear power plants would be required.”

 

Still, even if cities don’t necessarily become giant farms, the research can help point urban areas toward more sustainable choices.

 

The researchers also looked at options for growing all food within 100 miles of the city, or growing everything within the state.

“We looked at 100% autonomy-- what effort that would take, what forms, what living arrangements-- and we then look for some more reasonable response,” Sorkin says.

The research is part of a larger project called New York City (Steady) State, which will eventually detail how the city can be entirely self-sufficient, from energy to waste.

It’s intended as a counterpoint to things like ecological footprints, which generically measure environmental impact.

Here, the researchers are looking at specific and direct impacts in a confined area.

"It’s a matter of taking responsibility for one’s effects on the planet," Sorkin says.

"New York is a good place to start because New Yorkers, as Americans, are enormous consumers."

The design includes everything from a skyscraper devoted to meat production (though Sorkin notes that it would be a lot easier, sustainability-wise, if everyone in the city became vegan), to rooftop "neighborhood food hubs" and streets that are turned into gardens.

"We’re looking at all sorts of resources that we think are misused in New York, like streets," he explains.

 

"This is the largest area of space in the public realm. Imagine if we took half of the street out of the automobile realm and put it in the pedestrian realm: There could be farms, there could be daycare centers, there could be all sorts of public amenities."

They found a few limits for food production; coffee, for example, is hard to grow in a vertical farm. Even in that case, they tried to find a local connection.

After learning that Haiti grows enough coffee to supply half of New York's needs, they've proposed an agreement between the two locations.

Haitians could be given education at schools like Columbia in exchange for selling New Yorkers coffee.

 

After Terreform completes research on other aspects of self-sufficiency, like energy, it will be putting together a resource for cities to use in planning.

"We're compiling an encyclopedia of the technologies and morphologies that could be used for cities around the world that are interested in moving in the direction of autonomy," Sorkin says.

And they continue to push the boundaries of what self-sufficiency can mean.

"We're always asking a question about the nature of the membrane around the city," Sorkin says.

"What would it be permeable to, what protections would have to be given to local production. It's an armature for speculation."

The Big Apple would be a lot greener if it needed to grow its own food.

The New York City (Steady) State is considering what it would mean if the city's 8 million residents were entirely self-sufficient, from the food they eat to the fuel they burn.
 
For the past six years, the urban research nonprofit Terreform has carefully considered exactly what New York City would look like if everything New Yorkers ate was grown inside city limits.

“At some level, it’s absurd,” says Michael Sorkin, who leads Terreform. “We discovered that with intense use of vertical agriculture and a change in diet, we could in fact physically provide the facilities to grow 2,500 decent calories for every resident in New York. But the energy estimates were so enormous we estimated that 25 nuclear power plants would be required.”

Amsterdam Ave.

Still, even if cities don’t necessarily become giant farms, the research can help point urban areas toward more sustainable choices. The researchers also looked at options for growing all food within 100 miles of the city, or growing everything within the state. “We looked at 100% autonomy--what effort that would take, what forms, what living arrangements--and we then look for some more reasonable response,” Sorkin says.

The research is part of a larger project called New York City (Steady) State, which will eventually detail how the city can be entirely self-sufficient, from energy to waste. It’s intended as a counterpoint to things like ecological footprints, which generically measure environmental impact.

Here, the researchers are looking at specific and direct impacts in a confined area.

"It’s a matter of taking responsibility for one’s effects on the planet," Sorkin says. "New York is a good place to start because New Yorkers, as Americans, are enormous consumers."

Why look at consumption on the level of the city? "Nation-states seem to be incompetent, and multi-nationals seem to be badly motivated," he says. "As an urbanist, I wanted to know what a city could actually accomplish if it decided to truly take responsibility."

Sunnyside, Queens site

The design includes everything from a skyscraper devoted to meat production (though Sorkin notes that it would be a lot easier, sustainability-wise, if everyone in the city became vegan), to rooftop "neighborhood food hubs" and streets that are turned into gardens.

"We’re looking at all sorts of resources that we think are misused in New York, like streets," he explains. "This is the largest area of space in the public realm. Imagine if we took half of the street out of the automobile realm and put it in the pedestrian realm: There could be farms, there could be daycare centers, there could be all sorts of public amenities."

They found a few limits for food production; coffee, for example, is hard to grow in a vertical farm. Even in that case, they tried to find a local connection. After learning that Haiti grows enough coffee to supply half of New York's needs, they've proposed an agreement between the two locations: Haitians could be given education at schools like Columbia in exchange for selling New Yorkers coffee. 

After Terreform completes research on other aspects of self-sufficiency, like energy, it will be putting together a resource for cities to use in planning. "We're compiling an encyclopedia of the technologies and morphologies that could be used for cities around the world that are interested in moving in the direction of autonomy," Sorkin says.

And they continue to push the boundaries of what self-sufficiency can mean. "We're always asking a question about the nature of the membrane around the city," Sorkin says. "What would it be permeable to, what protections would have to be given to local production. It's an armature for speculation."

ORIGINAL: Fast Company

The top 10 emerging technologies for 2013

ORIGINAL: World Economic Forum

(according The World Economic Forum)

Image: A wrist band created by means of 3D printing in Berlin REUTERS/Thomas Peter

New challenges need new technologies to tackle them. Here, the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Emerging Technologies identifies the top 10 most promising technology trends that can help to deliver sustainable growth in decades to come as global population and material demands on the environment continue to grow rapidly. These are technologies that the Council considers have made development breakthroughs and are nearing large-scale deployment.

OnLine Electric Vehicles (OLEV)

Wireless technology can now deliver electric power to moving vehicles. In next-generation electric cars, pick-up coil sets under the vehicle floor receive power remotely via an electromagnetic field broadcast from cables installed under the road. The current also charges an onboard battery used to power the vehicle when it is out of range. As electricity is supplied externally, these vehicles need only a fifth of the battery capacity of a standard electric car, and can achieve transmission efficiencies of over 80%. Online electric vehicles are currently undergoing road tests in Seoul, South Korea.

3-D printing and remote manufacturing

Three-dimensional printing allows the creation of solid structures from a digital computer file, potentially revolutionizing the economics of manufacturing if objects can be printed remotely in the home or office. The process involves layers of material being deposited on top of each other in to create free-standing structures from the bottom up. Blueprints from computer-aided design are sliced into cross-section for print templates, allowing virtually created objects to be used as models for “hard copies” made from plastics, metal alloys or other materials.

Self-healing materials

One of the defining characteristics of living organisms is their inherent ability to repair physical damage. A growing trend in biomimicry is the creation of non-living structural materials that also have the capacity to heal themselves when cut, torn or cracked. Self-healing materials which can repair damage without external human intervention could give manufactured goods longer lifetimes and reduce the demand for raw materials, as well as improving the inherent safety of materials used in construction or to form the bodies of aircraft.

Energy-efficient water purification

Water scarcity is a worsening ecological problem in many parts of the world due to competing demands from agriculture, cities and other human uses. Where freshwater systems are over-used or exhausted, desalination from the sea offers near-unlimited water but a considerable use of energy – mostly from fossil fuels – to drive evaporation or reverse-osmosis systems. Emerging technologies offer the potential for significantly higher energy efficiency in desalination or purification of wastewater, potentially reducing energy consumption by 50% or more. Techniques such as forward-osmosis can additionally improve efficiency by utilizing low-grade heat from thermal power production or renewable heat produced by solar-thermal geothermal installations.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) conversion and use

Long-promised technologies for the capture and underground sequestration of carbon dioxide have yet to be proven commercially viable, even at the scale of a single large power station. New technologies that convert the unwanted CO2 into saleable goods can potentially address both the economic and energetic shortcomings of conventional CCS strategies. One of the most promising approaches uses biologically engineered photosynthetic bacteria to turn waste CO2 into liquid fuels or chemicals, in low-cost, modular solar converter systems. Individual systems are expected to reach hundreds of acres within two years. Being 10 to 100 times as productive per unit of land area, these systems address one of the main environmental constraints on biofuels from agricultural or algal feedstock, and could supply lower carbon fuels for automobiles, aviation or other big liquid-fuel users.

Enhanced nutrition to drive health at the molecular level

Even in developed countries millions of people suffer from malnutrition due to nutrient deficiencies in their diets. Now modern genomic techniques can determine at the gene sequence level the vast number of naturally consumed proteins which are important in the human diet. The proteins identified may have advantages over standard protein supplements in that they can supply a greater percentage of essential amino acids, and have improved solubility, taste, texture and nutritional characteristics. The large-scale production of pure human dietary proteins based on the application of biotechnology to molecular nutrition can deliver health benefits such as muscle development, managing diabetes or reducing obesity.

Remote sensing

The increasingly widespread use of sensors that allow often passive responses to external stimulae will continue to change the way we respond to the environment, particularly in the area of health. Examples include sensors that continually monitor bodily function – such as heart rate, blood oxygen and blood sugar levels – and, if necessary, trigger a medical response such as insulin provision. Advances rely on wireless communication between devices, low power-sensing technologies and, sometimes, active energy harvesting. Other examples include vehicle-to-vehicle sensing for improved safety on the road.

Precise drug delivery through nanoscale engineering

Pharmaceuticals that can be precisely delivered at the molecular level within or around a diseased cell offer unprecedented opportunities for more effective treatments while reducing unwanted side effects. Targeted nanoparticles that adhere to diseased tissue allow for the micro-scale delivery of potent therapeutic compounds while minimizing their impact on healthy tissue, and are now advancing in medical trials. After almost a decade of research, these new approaches are finally showing signs of clinical utility.

Organic electronics and photovoltaics

Organic electronics – a type of printed electronics – is the use of organic materials such as polymers to create electronic circuits and devices. In contrast to traditional (silicon-based) semiconductors that are fabricated with expensive photolithographic techniques, organic electronics can be printed using low-cost, scalable processes such as ink jet printing, making them extremely cheap compared with traditional electronics devices, both in terms of the cost per device and the capital equipment required to produce them. While organic electronics are currently unlikely to compete with silicon in terms of speed and density, they have the potential to provide a significant edge in cost and versatility. The cost implications of printed mass-produced solar photovoltaic collectors, for example, could accelerate the transition to renewable energy.

Fourth-generation reactors and nuclear-waste recycling

Current once-through nuclear power reactors use only 1% of the potential energy available in uranium, leaving the rest radioactively contaminated as nuclear “waste”. While the technical challenge of geological disposal is manageable, the political challenge of nuclear waste seriously limits the appeal of this zero-carbon and highly scalable energy technology. Spent-fuel recycling and breeding uranium-238 into new fissile material – known as Nuclear 2.0 – would extend already-mined uranium resources for centuries while dramatically reducing the volume and long-term toxicity of wastes, whose radioactivity will drop below the level of the original uranium ore on a timescale of centuries rather millennia. This makes geological disposal much less of a challenge (and arguably even unnecessary) and nuclear waste a minor environmental issue compared to hazardous wastes produced by other industries. Fourth-generation technologies, including liquid metal-cooled fast reactors, are now being deployed in several countries and are offered by established nuclear engineering companies.

This list has been compiled by the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Emerging Technologies, of which David King is currently chair. For a full list of the Council’s members see here

Noubar Afeyan. Founder and Chairman Joule Unlimited

PhD in Biochemical Engineering, MIT. Since 2000, Co-Founder, Managing Partner and Chief Executive Officer, Flagship Ventures; concurrently, Senior Lecturer, MIT and Visiting Scholar, Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University. Author, numerous scientific publications. Holder of several patents.

Sir David King. Professor and Director Cambridge Kaspakas

Formerly: Head, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge; Master, Downing College, Cambridge; 2000-07, Chief Scientific Adviser, UK Government, widely considered responsible for persuading the UK Government to take a world leading position on climate change; 2008-12, Founding Director, Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment, University of Oxford. Currently: Senior Science Adviser, UBS; Director, Cambridge Kaspakas; Chancellor, University of Liverpool, UK; Member, President's Advisory Council, Government of Rwanda. Published around 500 papers on physical chemistry and science policy issues. Recipient of awards and honours including: knighted for contributions to science and science policy; Officier of the Legion of Honour, awarded by the French President.

Michael Grätzel. Professor,
Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Doctorate in Natural Science, Technical University, Berlin. Professor, Ecole Polytechnique de Lausanne, directs Laboratory of Photonics and Interface; pioneered research on energy and electron transfer reactions in mesoscopic-materials and application in solar energy conversion systems, optoelectronic devices and lithium ion batteries; discovered new type of solar cell based on dye sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductor oxide particles. Author of over 800 peer-reviewed publications, two books and holder of more than 50 patents. Recipient of awards including: Balzan Prize; Galvani Medal; Faraday Medal; Harvey Prize; Gerischer Award; Dutch Havinga Award and Medal; International Prize, Japanese Society of Coordination Chemistry.

Nayef Al-Rodhan. Senior Member
St Antony's College, University of Oxford

Studies, Yale University, Mayo Clinic and Harvard University. Philosopher, neuroscientist and geostrategist (www.sustainable-history.com). Senior Member, St Antony's College, University of Oxford, UK; Director, Geopolitics of Globalisation and Transnational Security Programme, Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Geneva. Author of 21 books. Recipient of awards.

Hu Zhijian. Secretary-General of the CPC,
Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

Degree in Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.; postgraduate degree in Science and Mgmt, Fudan Univ.; Doctorate in Technological Innovation and Mgmt, Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1987-93, Teaching Assistant and Lecturer, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 1993-96, Assistant Consultant, State Commission of Science Technology of China; 1996-98, Assistant Consultant, State Leading Group for Science and Tech. With the Ministry of Science and Technology: 1998-2001, Divisional Director, and 2001-08, Deputy Director-General, Department of Policy, Regulations and Reform; 2008-09, Counsel of the General Office; since 2009, current position. Since 2010, Deputy Director, research and drafting group of the 12th National Five-Year Plan for Science and Technology Development.

Clare Grey. Fellow of the Royal Society and
Professor of Chemistry.
University of Cambridge

BA and 1991, DPhil in Chemistry, Oxford University. 1992-93, Visiting Scientist, DuPont CR&D, Wilmington, Delaware; 1994, Assistant, 1997, Associate and 2001, Full Professor, Stony Brook University (SBU). Geoffrey Moorhouse-Gibson Professor of Chemistry, Cambridge University. Since moving to Cambridge in 2009, maintains a part-time position at SBU as Associate Director, Northeastern Chemical Energy Storage Center, a US DOE Energy Frontier Research Center. Research interests: development of structure-function correlations for materials for use in energy storage and conversion.

James Wilsdon. Professor of Science and Democracy 

University of Sussex

2001-08, Head of Science and Innovation, Demos (UK think tank) and Director, Atlas of Ideas project, which explored changing global geography of science and innovation; 2008-11, Director, Science Policy, Royal Society, the UK's national academy of science. Currently, Professor of Science and Democracy, Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU), University of Sussex, UK. Author on science policy, innovation and emerging technologies.

Andrew D. Maynard.
Director, Risk Science Center 

University of Michigan

BSc, Birmingham University, UK; PhD, Cambridge University. Formerly, Co-Chairman, Nanotechnology Health and Environment Implications working group, US National Nanotechnology Initiative. Interim Chair, Environmental Health Sciences Dept. Member of the Advisory Board: Centre for Environmental Impacts of Nanotechnology; NISE Net; C&E News; nanotech advisory group to President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology. Member of the Advisory Panel: National Academies of Science; Council of Canadian Academies; US EPA. Director, Risk Science Center, University of Michigan. Author. International speaker and commentator on emerging technologies.

Mark Lynas. Freelance Writer on Climate Change 

2009, Adviser on Climate Change to the President of the Maldives; was in the Maldives' effort to be the first carbon neutral country on Earth by 2020, and its role in the international climate change process. Visiting Research Associate, School of Geography and the Environment, Oxford University. Author of: High Tide: News from a warming world (2004); Six Degrees: Our future on a hotter planet (2007; translated into 22 languages; also a TV series by National Geographic); The God Species: How the Planet Can Survive the Age of Humans (2011; also available in Swedish, Dutch and other languages). Frequent speaker on climate change science and policy, focusing in particular on how carbon neutral targets can break the international logjam on climate mitigation, and how emissions reduction should be seen as an opportunity not a sacrifice.

Tim Harper. Chief Executive Officer and President Cientifica

Technology entrepreneur. Founder, Cientifica. Co-Founder, Nanosight, a nanoparticle visualization and sizing company. Adviser to universities, European Commission, large companies and national governments, including Austria and Singapore. Founder and former Executive Director, European NanoBusiness Association. Frequent public speaker and media commentator on nanotechnologies. Author of articles published in: Nanotechnology; Nature; Microscopy and Analysis. Co-Author, Nanotechnology Opportunity Report. Expertise: nanotechnologies, entrepreneurship, venture capital, technology transfer, government policy, regulation of technologies.

Jeffrey Carbeck. Chief Technology Officer MC10

1990, BSE, University of Michigan; 1996-98, postdoctoral research, Harvard; 1996, PhD, MIT. 1998-2006, Faculty, Dept of Chemical Engineering, Princeton; concurrently, Director, Program in Engineering Biology and Member, Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM). 2006: Chief Scientist, Nano-Terra and Co-Founder and CTO, Arsenal Medical (spun-off into 480 Biomedical). 2009: Clean Energy Fellow, New England Clean Energy Council and founding CTO, MC10. Currently, Subject Matter Expert, Deloitte Consulting, expertise in advanced materials and process technologies. Member: Advisory Board, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and National Advisory Board for Technology Transfer, University of Michigan. Author of over 30 articles; co-inventor on over 25 patents and patent applications. Recipient of numerous awards and honours, including: named one of 40 outstanding professionals under the age of 40, Boston Business Journal.

Kiyoshi Matsuda. Chief Innovation Officer, Corporate Strategy Office 

Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corporation

BSc, University of Tokyo; MSc, MIT. Since 1977, with Mitsubishi Chemical including: 10 years' engineering experience in fine chemicals operation; Research Engineer; Director, Central Research Centre; currently, engaged in new business development and strategic planning of sustainable development. Chair, Capacity Building Task Force, ICCA CP&H.

Javier Garcia-Martinez. Founder and Director 

Rive Technology

Professor of Chemistry and Director, Nanotechnology Molecular Laboratory, University of Alicante, Spain. Co-Founder, Rive Technology, a clean energy company, commercializing advanced catalyst technology. Holder of 15 patents. Author on nanomaterials, catalysis and energy, including: Nanotechnology for the Energy Challenge (2010); The Chemical Element: Chemistry's Contribution to our Global Future (2011). Recipient, the Europa Medal and the TR 35 Award, MIT's Technology Review magazine.

Angela Belcher. Professor of Materials Science and
Engineering and Biological Engineering 

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

1991, BA in Creative Studies and 1997, PhD in Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara. Materials Chemist, with experience in the fields of biomaterials, biomolecular materials, organic-inorganic interfaces and solid state chemistry. Expertise: understanding and using the process by which nature makes materials in order to design novel hybrid organic-inorganic electronic and magnetic materials on new length scales. Recipient of awards: Du Pont Young Investigators Award (1999); Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering (2000).

Julia R. Greer. Assistant Professor of Materials Science and Mechanics 

California Institute of Technology (Caltech)

1997, SB in Chemical Engineering with minor in Advanced Music Performance, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 2005, PhD in Materials Science, Stanford University. 2000-03, Integration Engineer, mask micro-fabrication facility, Intel Corporation. 2005-07, Post-Doctoral Fellow, Palo Alto Research Center, studied flexible electronics. 2007, joined Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, California Institute of Technology. Key focus of research on development of innovative experimental approaches to assess mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms in nano structures. Recipient of numerous awards.